Search results for "Gamma irradiation"

showing 10 items of 20 documents

Gamma Irradiation and Fermentation

2016

This chapter discusses the applications of gamma irradiation technology for food safety, its nutritional implications, and its involvement in fermentation processes. Gamma irradiation has become an alternative technology for food sterilization due to its nonthermal character, thus replacing the conventional heating processes. Several driving forces are propelling the need of γ-irradiation forward for food applications. Besides food preservation, γ-irradiation is taking place for novel applications, especially involving the enhancement of food fermentation processes, by directly irradiating the medium, or generating performant genetically modified strains.

0106 biological sciencesbusiness.industrydigestive oral and skin physiologyFood preservation04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesFood safety040401 food science01 natural sciencesGenetically modified organismchemistry.chemical_compound0404 agricultural biotechnologychemistry010608 biotechnologyGluconic acidFermentationFood irradiationFood sciencebusinessFermentation in food processingGamma irradiation
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Effect of Isothiocyanates on the Activity of <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> Exposed to Irradiation

2020

Two isothiocyanates, i.e., sulforaphane (SFA) and sulforaphene (SFE), are suggested to be used as an alternative chemopreventive diet. This study was focused on the effect of SFA and SFE on Lactobacillus plantarum, which has been subjected to the irradiation (2-50 Gy). The cultures grown in De Man, Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS) and Tryptone Soya Broth (TSB) were compared in terms of bacteria physiological activity under tested conditions. Broth composition notably influenced the bacteria growth kinetic parameters, as well as culture response to the oxidative stress. Activity of L. plantarum cells after irradiation was evaluated by their dehydrogenase (DHA) and quinone-reductase (QR) activities. T…

0301 basic medicinebiologyMechanical Engineering030106 microbiologyfood and beveragesDehydrogenasemedicine.disease_causebiology.organism_classification03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound030104 developmental biologychemistryMechanics of MaterialsmedicineGeneral Materials ScienceIrradiationFood scienceSulforapheneOxidative stressLactobacillus plantarumSulforaphaneGamma irradiationKey Engineering Materials
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EFFECTS OF GAMMA IRRADIATION ON THE ALFA TOCOPHEROL AND FATTY ACIDS CONTENT IN RAW UNPEELED ALMOND KERNELS (PRUNUS DULCIS)

2011

ALFA TOCOPHEROL FATTY ACIDS GAMMA IRRADIATION
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Blue luminescent amino-functionalized graphene quantum dots as a responsive material for potential detection of metal ions and malathion

2022

Large amounts of hazardous and toxic substances in the environment require non-toxic, cheap, easy, rapid, and sensitive methods for their detection. Blue luminescent graphene quantum dots (GQDs) were produced by electrochemical cleavage of graphite electrodes followed by gamma irradiation in the presence of ethylenediamine (EDA). Modified dots were able to detect metal ions (Co2+, Pd2+, Fe3+) due to photoluminescence quenching. The highest sensitivity was detected for the sample irradiated at a dose of 25 kGy. The limits of detection (LODs) were 1.79, 2.55, and 0.66 μmol L−1 for Co2+, Fe3+, and Pd2+, respectively. It was observed that GQDs irradiated at 200 kGy act as an ultra-sensitive tur…

Amino-functionalized graphene quantum dotsBiophysicsMalathionGeneral ChemistryGamma irradiationMetal ionsCondensed Matter PhysicsProbeBiochemistryPhotoluminescenceAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSettore CHIM/02 - Chimica Fisica
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Room Temperature Instability of E′γ Centers Induced by γ Irradiation in Amorphous SiO2

2008

We study by optical absorption measurements the stability of E'(gamma) centers induced in amorphous silica at room temperature by gamma irradiation up to 79 kGy. A significant portion of the defects spontaneously decay after the end of irradiation, thus allowing the partial recovery of the transparency loss initially induced by irradiation. The decay kinetics observed after gamma irradiation with a 0.6 kGy dose closely resembles that measured after exposure to 2000 pulses of pulsed ultraviolet (4.7 eV) laser light of 40 mJ/cm(2) energy density per pulse. In this regime, annealing is ascribed to the reaction of the induced E'(gamma) centers with diffusing H(2) of radiolytic origin. At higher…

CrystallographyTemperature instabilityChemistryAnalytical chemistrysistemi amorfi difetti di puntoPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAmorphous silicaγ irradiationAmorphous solidGamma irradiationThe Journal of Physical Chemistry A
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Electrical Aging Tests on Enameled Wire Exposed to Gamma Irradiation

2011

Electrical agingIndustrial plantsMaterials sciencebusiness.industryStatorsGamma raysTestingGAMMA IRRADIATION ELECTRICAL AGINGElectrical engineeringElectrical treeingWindingThermosetsElectric brazingInsulating materialsPartial dischargesElectromechanical devicesIrradiationElectric brazing; Electromechanical devices; Gamma rays; Industrial plants; Insulating materials; Irradiation; Partial discharges; Stators; Testing; Thermosets; WindingComposite materialbusinessSettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti NucleariGamma irradiation
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Gamma-ray irradiation tests of CMOS sensors used in imaging techniques

2014

Technologically-enhanced electronic image sensors are used in various fields as diagnostic techniques in medicine or space applications. In the latter case the devices can be exposed to intense radiation fluxes over time which may impair the functioning of the same equipment. In this paper we report the results of gamma-ray irradiation tests on CMOS image sensors simulating the space radiation over a long time period. Gamma-ray irradiation tests were car ried out by means of IGS-3 gamma irradiation facility of Palermo Uni ver sity, based on 60Co sources with dif fer ent ac tiv i ties. To re duce the dose rate and re al ize a nar row gamma-ray beam, a lead-collimation sys tem was pur posely …

Materials scienceimaging technique CMOS image sensor gamma irradiationPixelSettore ING-IND/20 - Misure E Strumentazione Nuclearibusiness.industryImage qualityRadiationimaging techniqueSettore ING-INF/01 - Elettronicagamma irradiationBackground noiseNuclear Energy and EngineeringCMOSCMOS image sensorAbsorbed doseOptoelectronicslcsh:QC770-798lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. RadioactivityIrradiationImage sensorSafety Risk Reliability and QualitybusinessNuclear Technology and Radiation Protection
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Mycotoxin contamination of animal feedingstuff: detoxification by gamma irradiation and reduction of aflatoxins and ochratoxin A concentrations

2014

Mycotoxins are fungal secondary metabolites identified in many agricultural products screened for toxigenic moulds. They have been reported to be carcinogenic, teratogenic, tremorogenic, haemorrhagic and dermatitic to a wide range of organisms. With the increasing stringent regulations for mycotoxins imposed by importing countries such as those of the European Union, many cereals that are not safe for human consumption are used in formulations intended for animal feed. Gamma-rays are reported in the scientific literature to destroy ochratoxin A and aflatoxin in food crops and feed. The present study provides preliminary data for establishing the effect of dose of gamma-irradiation, ranging …

Ochratoxin AAflatoxinMycotoxin contaminationAnimal feedHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisFood ContaminationBiologyToxicologyPoultrymycotoxinToxicologychemistry.chemical_compoundAflatoxinsgamma-irradiationDetoxificationAnimalsmedia_common.cataloged_instanceFood scienceEuropean unionMycotoxinaflatoxins; commercial animal feed; gamma-irradiation; mycotoxin; ochratoxin Amedia_commoncommercial animal feedPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthReproducibility of Resultsfood and beveragesDose-Response Relationship RadiationGeneral ChemistryGeneral MedicineSettore CHIM/08 - Chimica FarmaceuticaAnimal FeedOchratoxinsItalychemistryGamma RaysFood IrradiationEdible Grainochratoxin AFood ScienceGamma irradiation
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Photoluminescent and paramagnetic centers in gamma irradiated porous silica

2005

Abstract The photoluminescence and electron spin resonance properties of gamma irradiated (up to 500 kGy) porous silica are reported. By exciting at 5.6 eV a photoluminescence contribution can be detected before irradiation, peaked at about 4.1 eV. Gamma irradiation causes the generation of the E′ centers (about 1 × 1014 defects cm−3) of paramagnetic hole centers and modifies the photoluminescence properties of the sample: the emission amplitude decreases and three contributions can be singled out at about 3.3, 3.8 and 4.4 eV.

PhotoluminescenceChemistrySilicaCondensed Matter PhysicsPhotochemistryElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionParamagnetismNuclear magnetic resonancelawMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesIrradiationmesoporous silicaElectron paramagnetic resonancePorosityPorous mediumPhotoluminescenceGamma irradiation
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Facile synthesis of L-cysteine functionalized graphene quantum dots as a bioimaging and photosensitive agent

2021

Nowadays, a larger number of aggressive and corrosive chemical reagents as well as toxic solvents are used to achieve structural modification and cleaning of the final products. These lead to the production of residual, waste chemicals, which are often reactive, cancerogenic, and toxic to the environment. This study shows a new approach to the modification of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) using gamma irradiation where the usage of reagents was avoided. We achieved the incorporation of S and N atoms in the GQD structure by selecting an aqueous solution of L-cysteine as an irradiation medium. GQDs were exposed to gamma-irradiation at doses of 25, 50 and 200 kGy. After irradiation, the optical,…

PhotoluminescenceGeneral Chemical EngineeringQuantum yield02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryPhotochemistrySettore FIS/07 - FISICA APPLICATA (A BENI CULTURALI AMBIENTALI BIOLOGIA E MEDICINA)01 natural sciencesArticlelaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundlawGeneral Materials ScienceIrradiationbioimagingQD1-999Aqueous solutionatomic force microscopygraphene quantum dotsSinglet oxygenGraphene021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologygamma irradiation0104 chemical sciencesChemistrychemistryphotodynamic therapyQuantum dotReagentphotoluminescence0210 nano-technology
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